Wednesday, April 9, 2008

Candide Chapters 4-9

I continued enjoying the rest of the book and I thought it kept its satiric tone and it appeared to me more like Don Quijote except it wasn't as long. Some similarities I found between Candide and Don Quijote were that both were very naive and gullible, they both were in love of a certain lady who they thought the most beautiful of the world and for whom they would give their lives without hesitation, and lastly because of their way of expressing themselves, they always wanted to talk as very elegant and well studied people but sometimes they said things that were really inappropriate and stupid.
I think Voltaire really hates Leibniz or has something against the Germans or the philosophers since as the book goes on he further critiques and makes fun of Pangloss which represents Leibniz’s ideals and maybe also the figure of German philosophers. Voltaire mocks Pangloss since he places him as a homeless, sick, dirty person who is wandering in Holland asking for money without any hope for life. In this chapter you can find the elements of satire very easily. There a hyperbole found in the text is for example when Pangloss starts tracking back his disease to the colonial era. Evidently, this text is targeted against Leibniz and maybe other German philosophers. Apart from this, it has irony when for example after the disease Pangloss is cured and the narrator tells how he just lost an ear and an eye. Finally it has absurdity as it portrays Pangloss, a well known and supposedly the best philosopher in the world, as a beggar with no wealth or health and just waiting to die soon. Furthermore, it's unbelievable that Pangloss still believes in his own philosophy after all that has happened to him and al the misfortunes he has witnessed during his life. Something that caught my attention was the death of Lady Cunégonde since, because of her constant mention by Candide; I thought she was going to be a very important character in this novel. This showed me that Voltaire didn't care killing very important characters throughout his novel and that maybe in the future he would even kill Pangloss as a protest to his philosophy.
As I kept on reading I confirmed that Voltaire didn't care about killing important characters of his novel as James the Anabaptist and their savior died. Despite his tragic death I thought it was really absurd and funny the way he died and why he died, saving the man who intended to kill him. Also I thought it was ridiculous that everyone died in the storm except the man who intended to kill James, Pangloss and Candide. I thought it was really funny how as soon as they arrived to land, they had to experience an earthquake and Candid started crying that the “Day of Judgment” had come. Finally Pangloss was starting to wonder if his sufficient reason would be able to explain their misfortunes. I was worried as Pangloss started preaching his philosophy among the ones who had lost their relatives and their belongings and who weren’t in the mood for listening that “everything was for the best”.
As I continued on with the novel, I couldn’t believe what I read, Pangloss died, had been killed, hanged as a heretic. What was in Voltaire’s mind when he killed Pangloss? Pangloss had been mentioned even more than Lady Cunégonde and he had always played a very important role throughout the novel, something else that I couldn’t understand was why would Voltaire wait to kill Pangloss until then when he had had the chance of killing him before when he was sick? For a moment during the VIth chapter I thought that Voltaire would also kill Candide and then write about something else since he so carelessly killed all the most important characters for this novel. Something that I found very entertaining was the belief that by burning people alive they would be able to stop earthquakes. After learning that Candide would not be killed I was glad and started wondering who would be the person interested in his saving and for whom did the old lady work for.
With the title of the VII chapter I was a little skeptic since it said “How an Old Woman Took Care of Candide, and How He Found the Lady He Loved” I couldn’t believe that Lady Cunégonde was really alive so I thought that maybe another Lady was going to appear and he was going to fall in love with her although he had always claimed that he wouldn’t love other but Lady Cunégonde. I couldn’t believe what I read. Lady Cunégonde was alive, if she had survived miraculously maybe so would the other important characters who had died. Maybe one day Candide would find Pangloss and Pangloss would tell him how he had saved himself and met placed someone else for his hanging, or maybe James the Anabaptist hadn’t drowned really and he would reappear later in the novel. I found very entertaining the scene at which they both faint when they meet again.
Lady Cunégonde’s story was really tragic and made me remember how women are always used throughout history as goods. However, she was saved because of her beauty. If Lady Cunégonde wasn’t as beautiful as Candide described her maybe she wouldn’t have been saved and she wouldn’t be in the present condition in a beautiful place with a servant for her assistance. I thought it was ridiculous that two men shared a woman and they even arranged days for having her, again as if she was a thing to be owned. Apart from the fact that they were sharing a woman, what also caught my attention was that a Cardinal had a lover which isn’t allowed by the Catholic religion, through this, I realized that Voltaire was making a hard critique on the practices of the corrupt and sinful heads of the church at the time. I thought it was very funny how Candide, who was a very good intentioned man, had already killed two very prominent men in one night. It was really funny but strange how the old lady mentioned she only had one buttock. I was glad they were able to escape but I didn’t really think they could get far away after killing a very successful and prominent Hebrew and the Cardinal Inquisitor.
I found it very tragic when they were deprived from their belongings and they lost all they had for escaping. I thought it was really funny that they thought that the New World was the best of the worlds and that Candide kept faith on Pangloss’ Philosophy. I was interested as Abigail started telling her misfortunes and I noted how strangely all the characters had noble beginnings but ended in such bad conditions. Evidently, Candide is a harsh critique against the noble classes and the philosophers among other studious figures.

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